The Department has received an increased number of complaints, questions, and concerns about juveniles and unlicensed drivers operating motorcycles, dirt bikes, golf carts, low-speed vehicles, and other electric vehicles on city streets and neighborhood streets open for public travel. Most neighborhood streets in the city are public streets open for public travel.
We know these vehicles are popular, and many families may not realize that some of them are not treated like bicycles under Tennessee law. Some may look like an e-bike or golf cart, but if they do not meet the legal requirements, they may be considered a motor vehicle and may require a driver’s license, registration, insurance, and required safety equipment before being operated on a public roadway.
Our goal is simple: keep everyone safe and ensure families understand the rules before anyone gets hurt or cited.
Electric Bicycles & Electric Scooters
Under Tennessee law, a legal electric bicycle must generally have fully operable pedals, two or three wheels, and an electric motor of less than 750 watts.
Electric bicycles are divided into three classes:
- Class 1: Pedal-assist only, with assistance ending at 20 mph.
- Class 2: Throttle-assisted, with assistance ending at 20 mph.
- Class 3: Pedal-assist only, with assistance ending at 28 mph.
Beginning July 1, 2026, Class 3 e-bike riders must be at least 16 years old.
Electric scooters fall under the same Tennessee laws as bicycles and e-bikes.
Motorcycles and High-Powered Electric Vehicles
Many electric vehicles being sold today have motors ranging from 1,000 watts to 6,000+ watts and can travel 30 to 65+ mph. These are not typical e-bikes.
If operated on a public roadway, these vehicles are classified as a motor scooter, motorcycle, or another type of motor vehicle. That means the operator will need:
- A proper driver license or motorcycle license/permit
- Registration
- Insurance
- Required safety equipment
A motorcycle operated on a public road generally requires one of the following:
- Class M license
- Class M-Limited license
- Motorcycle learner permit
The minimum age is generally 15 for a Class M-Limited license or motorcycle learner permit, and 16 for a Class M license.
Dirt Bikes: In Tennessee, riding a dirt bike on public roads is unlawful unless the bike is legally converted, titled, and registered as a street-legal motorcycle . Otherwise, dirt bikes are classified as Off-Highway Vehicles (OHVs) and are restricted to off-road trails, private property, or designated OHV parks.
Simple way to look at it:
If the vehicle does not have operable pedals, its top speed is over 28 mph, has an electric motor of 750 watts or greater, it is not an e-bicycle, it is a motorcycle that, if operated on a public street, requires licensing/registration that needs to be completed before it is street legal.
Golf Carts
A golf cart is designed and manufactured for use on a golf course, is not capable of exceeding 20 mph, and is not the same as a street-legal low-speed vehicle.
Traditional golf carts are not lawful for travel on city streets open for public travel. Golf carts may not simply be used like cars.
Low-Speed Vehicles
A low-speed vehicle is different from a golf cart. Under Tennessee law, a low-speed vehicle is a four-wheel electric or gasoline vehicle, excluding golf carts, with a top speed greater than 20 mph but not greater than 25 mph. Some “golf carts” can be upgraded and modified to meet the law requirements to be considered as a low-speed vehicle.
Low-speed vehicles must meet federal safety standards, be properly registered, and be operated by a licensed driver. They may only be operated on streets with a posted speed limit of 35 mph or less.
Low-speed vehicles must have required safety equipment, including items such as:
- Headlights
- Front and rear turn signals
- Taillights
- Brake lights
- Reflectors
- Mirrors
- Parking brake
- Windshield meeting federal standards
- Vehicle identification number
- Seatbelts for each seating position
A modified golf cart is not automatically street legal. If it does not meet all low-speed vehicle requirements, it cannot be operated on public roadways.
More information on low-speed, medium-speed, and off-highway vehicles can be found here: More Info
Parents and Guardians
Please take time to check what your child or teen is riding. Many of these vehicles are fast, heavy, and difficult for young riders to control around traffic, pedestrians, and parked vehicles.
Before allowing anyone to ride or drive on a public street, please make sure:
- The vehicle is legally allowed on the roadway
- The operator is old enough
- The operator has the required license or permit, if needed
- The vehicle is registered and insured, if required
- Required safety equipment is installed and working
- Helmets and other protective gear are used
We want everyone to enjoy these vehicles safely, but they must be operated legally and responsibly. Officers may take enforcement action when vehicles are being operated unlawfully or in a way that creates a safety risk.
Thank you for helping us keep Mt. Juliet’s streets and neighborhoods safe.
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